{"id":773148,"date":"2023-11-14T12:33:25","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T16:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/?p=773148"},"modified":"2023-11-14T12:33:25","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T16:33:25","slug":"rocket-exhaust-on-the-moon-nasa-supercomputers-reveal-surface-effects-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/?p=773148","title":{"rendered":"Rocket Exhaust on the Moon: NASA Supercomputers Reveal Surface Effects"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\">\n<div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\">\n<p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">4 min read<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">Rocket Exhaust on the Moon: NASA Supercomputers Reveal Surface Effects<\/h1>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><video class=\"hds-video-background\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" autoplay=\"true\" loop=\"true\" muted=\"true\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Researchers at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama produced a simulation of the Apollo 12 lander engine plumes interacting with the lunar surface. This animation depicts the last half-minute of descent before engine cut-off, showing the predicted forces exerted by plumes on a flat computational surface. Known as shear stress, this is the amount of lateral, or sideways, force applied over a set area, and it is the leading cause of erosion as fluids flow across a surface. Here, the fluctuating radial patterns show the intensity of predicted shear stress. Lower shear stress is dark purple, and higher shear stress is yellow.  <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Patrick Moran, NASA Ames Research Center\/Andrew Weaver, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feature\/artemis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Artemis<\/a>, NASA plans to explore more of the Moon than ever before with human and\u00a0robotic missions\u00a0on the lunar surface.\u00a0Because future landers will be larger and equipped with more powerful engines than the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/the-apollo-program\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Apollo<\/a>\u00a0landers, mission risks associated with their operation during landing and liftoff is significantly greater. With the agency\u2019s goal to establish a sustained\u00a0human presence on the Moon, mission planners must understand how future landers interact with the lunar surface as they touch down in unexplored moonscapes.<\/p>\n<p>Landing on the Moon is tricky. When missions fly crew and payloads to the lunar surface,\u00a0spacecraft control their descent by firing rocket engines to counteract the Moon\u2019s gravitational pull. This happens in\u00a0an extreme environment that\u2019s hard to replicate and test on Earth, namely, a combination of low gravity, no atmosphere, and the unique properties of lunar regolith\u00a0\u2013 the layer of fine, loose dust and rock on the Moon\u2019s surface.<\/p>\n<p>Each time a spacecraft lands or lifts off, its engines blast supersonic plumes of hot gas toward the surface and the intense forces kick up dust and eject rocks or other debris at high speeds. This can cause hazards like visual obstructions and dust clouds that can interfere with navigation and science instrumentation\u00a0\u00ador cause damage to the lander and other nearby hardware and structures. Additionally, the plumes can erode the surface under the lander. Although craters were not formed for Apollo-scale landers, it is unknown how much the larger landers being planned for upcoming Artemis missions will erode the surface and whether they will rapidly cause cratering in the landing zone, posing a risk to the lander\u2019s stability and astronauts aboard.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>To improve its understanding of plume-surface interactions (PSI), researchers at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, have developed new software tools to predict PSI environments\u00a0for NASA projects and missions, including the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/human-landing-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Human Landing System<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/lunar-science\/programs\/clps\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Commercial Lunar Payload Services<\/a>\u00a0initiative, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/moontomarsarchitecture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">future Mars landers<\/a>.\u00a0These tools are already being used to predict cratering and visual obscuration on upcoming lunar missions and are helping NASA minimize risks to spacecraft and crew during future landed missions.<\/p>\n<p>The team at NASA Marshall recently produced a\u00a0simulation of the Apollo 12 lander engine plumes interacting with the surface and the predicted erosion that\u00a0closely matched what happened during landing.\u00a0This animation depicts the last half-minute of descent before engine cut-off, showing the predicted forces exerted by plumes on a flat computational surface. Known as shear stress, this is the amount of lateral, or sideways, force applied over a set area, and it is the leading cause of erosion as fluids flow across a surface. Here, the fluctuating radial patterns show the intensity of predicted shear stress. Lower shear stress is dark purple, and higher shear stress is yellow.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>These simulations were run on the Pleaides supercomputer at the NASA Advanced Supercomputing facility at NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center in California\u2019s Silicon Valley over several weeks of runtime, generating terabytes of data.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">NASA is showcasing 42 of the agency\u2019s computational achievements at SC23, the international supercomputing conference, Nov. 12-17, 2023, in Denver, Colorado. For more technical information, visit:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nas.nasa.gov\/sc23\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u200b<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nas.nasa.gov\/sc23\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>https:\/\/www.nas.nasa.gov\/sc23.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p \/>\n<p><em>Used for this research, the framework for the Descent Interpolated Gas Granular Erosion Model (DIGGEM) was funded through NASA\u2019s Small Business Innovation Research program within NASA\u2019s Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) in Washington, and by the\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/langley\/tiny-nasa-cameras-to-watch-commercial-lander-form-craters-on-moon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><em>Stereo Cameras for Lunar Plume Surface Studies<\/em><\/a><em>project that is managed by NASA\u2019s Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia also funded by STMD. The Loci\/CHEM+DIGGEM code was further refined through direct support for flight projects within the Human Landing System program funded by NASA\u2019s Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate (ESDMD)\u00a0in Washington as well as the Strategy and Architecture Office in ESDMD.<\/em><\/p>\n<p \/>\n<p><strong>For news media<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Members of the news media interested in covering this topic should reach out to the\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:arc-dl-newsroom@mail.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NASA Ames newsroom<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 nasa_template_article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\t<!-- This should be a block --><\/p>\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-twitter  social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\" aria-label=\"Link to X.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\" aria-label=\"Link to Facebook.\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\" aria-label=\"Link to LinkedIn.\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-share\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/rss.com\" aria-label=\"Link to RSS.\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNov 14, 2023\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"article-tags\">\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/ames\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Ames Research Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">General<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\n<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n<h2 style=\"max-width: 100%\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/five-ways-nasa-supercomputing-takes-missions-from-concept-to-reality\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/16-thompson-k-sc23-4-adept-turbulence-v0-2.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">5 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">Five Ways NASA Supercomputing Takes Missions from Concept to Reality<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t19 hours ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/ames\/nasa-ames-astrogram-november-december-2023\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/default-thumbnail-1.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">6 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Ames Astrogram \u2013 November\/December 2023<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/the-benefits-of-semiconductor-manufacturing-in-low-earth-orbit-leo-for-terrestrial-use\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/51205771942-3869c2d30f-k-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">1 min read<\/div>\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n<h3 class=\"related-article-title\">The Benefits of Semiconductor Manufacturing in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for Terrestrial Use<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\"><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover Related Topics<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Missions<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/topic-card-sample-1-2.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Humans in Space<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/topic-card-sample-2-2.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Climate Change<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/topic-card-sample-3-2.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Solar System<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"http:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/topic-card-sample-4-2.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-position: 19% 31%;object-fit: cover\" src=\"\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This landscape of \u201cmountains\u201d and \u201cvalleys\u201d speckled with glittering stars is actually the edge of a nearby, young, star-forming region called NGC 3324 in the Carina Nebula. Captured in infrared light by NASA\u2019s new James Webb Space Telescope, this image reveals for the first time previously invisible areas of star birth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA, ESA, CSA, and STScI<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#013;<br \/>\n&#013;<br \/>\n&#013;<br \/>\n Click here for original story, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/rocket-exhaust-on-the-moon-nasa-supercomputers-reveal-surface-effects\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Rocket Exhaust on the Moon: NASA Supercomputers Reveal Surface Effects<\/a>&#013;<br \/>\n&#013;<br \/>\n&#013;<br \/>\nSource: NASA Breaking News&#013;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4 min read Rocket Exhaust on the Moon: NASA Supercomputers Reveal Surface Effects Researchers at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama produced a simulation of the Apollo 12&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":615444,"comment_status":"false","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-773148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-NASA"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/773148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=773148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/773148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/615444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=773148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=773148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceweekly.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=773148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}