\n<\/p>\n
Ethan Schaler<\/strong> We want to build the first lunar railway system, which will provide reliable, autonomous, and efficient payload transport on the Moon. A durable, long-life robotic transport system will be critical to the daily operations of a sustainable lunar base in the 2030\u2019s, as envisioned in NASA\u2019s Moon to Mars plan and mission concepts like the Robotic Lunar Surface Operations 2 (RLSO2), to:<\/p>\n \u2014 Transport regolith mined for ISRU consumables (H2O, LOX, LH2) or construction<\/p>\n \u2014 Transport payloads around the lunar base and to \/ from landing zones or other outposts<\/p>\n We propose developing FLOAT \u2014 Flexible Levitation on a Track \u2014 to meet these transportation needs.<\/p>\n The FLOAT system employs unpowered magnetic robots that levitate over a 3-layer flexible film track: a graphite layer enables robots to passively float over tracks using diamagnetic levitation, a flex-circuit layer generates electromagnetic thrust to controllably propel<\/p>\n robots along tracks, and an optional thin-film solar panel layer generates power for the base when in sunlight. FLOAT robots have no moving parts and levitate over the track to minimize lunar dust abrasion \/ wear, unlike lunar robots with wheels, legs, or tracks.<\/p>\n FLOAT tracks unroll directly onto the lunar regolith to avoid major on-site construction \u2014 unlike conventional roads, railways, or cableways. Individual FLOAT robots will be able to transport payloads of varying shape \/ size (>30 kg\/m^2) at useful speeds (>0.5m\/s), and a large-scale FLOAT system will be capable of moving up to 100,000s kg of regolith \/ payload multiple kilometers per day. FLOAT will operate autonomously in the dusty, inhospitable lunar environment with minimal site preparation, and its network of tracks can be rolled-up \/ reconfigured over time to match evolving lunar base mission requirements.<\/p>\n In Phase 2, we will continue to retire risks related to the manufacture, deployment, control, and long-term operation of meter-scale robots \/ km-scale tracks that support human exploration (HEO) activities on the Moon, by accomplishing the following key tasks:<\/p>\n \u2014 Design, manufacture, and test a series of sub-scale robot \/ track prototypes, culminating with a demonstration in a lunar-analog testbed (that includes testing various site preparation and track deployment strategies)<\/p>\n \u2014 Investigate impacts of environmental effects (e.g. temperature, radiation, charging, lunar regolith simulant contamination, etc.) on system performance and longevity<\/p>\n \u2014 Investigate \/ define a technology roadmap to address technology gaps and mature manufacturing capability for critical hardware (e.g. large-area magnetic arrays with mm-scale magnetic domains, and large-area flex-circuit boards)<\/p>\n \u2014 Continue refining simulations of FLOAT system designs with increased fidelity, to provide improved performance estimates under the RLSO2 mission concept We will also leverage these sub-scale prototypes to explore opportunities for follow-on technology demonstrations on sub-orbital flights (via Flight Opportunities \/ TechFlights) or lunar technology demos (via LSII \/ CLPS landers)<\/p>\n
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory<\/em><\/p>\n