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In his classic book On the Structure of Scientific Revolutions,<\/em> the philosopher Thomas Kuhn posited that, for a new scientific framework to take root, there has to be evidence that doesn\u2019t sit well within the existing framework. For over a century now, Einstein\u2019s theory of relativity and gravity has been the existing framework. However, cracks are starting to show, and a new paper from researchers at Case Western Reserve University added another one recently when they failed to find decreasing rotational energy in galaxies even millions of light years away from the galaxy\u2019s center.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Galaxies are known to rotate \u2013 even our solar system travels in a circle around the center of the Milky Way galaxy at around 200 km per second, though we can\u2019t perceive any motion on human time scales. According to Newtonian dynamics, this rotational speed should slow down the farther away a star is from the center of a galaxy. However, observations didn\u2019t support this, showing that the speed kept up no matter how far away the star is.<\/p>\n That led scientists to create another force impacting the speed of rotation of the farthest-out stars. Today, we commonly call it dark matter. However, scientists have also spent decades trying to puzzle out what exactly dark matter is made of and have yet to come up with a coherent theory.<\/p>\n \n