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NASA supercomputers are shedding light on what causes some of the Sun\u2019s most complex behaviors. Using data from the suite of\u00a0active Sun-watching spacecraft\u00a0currently observing the star at the heart of our solar system, researchers can explore solar dynamics like never before.\u00a0<\/p>\n
The animation shows the strength of the turbulent motions of the Sun\u2019s inner layers as materials twist into its atmosphere, resembling a roiling pot of boiling water or a flurry of schooling fish sending material bubbling up to the surface or diving it further down below.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u201cOur simulations use what we call a realistic approach, which means we include as much as we know to-date about solar plasma to reproduce different phenomena observed with NASA space missions,\u201d said Irina Kitiashvili, a scientist at NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center in California\u2019s Silicon Valley who helped lead the study.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Using modern computational capabilities, the team was able for the first time to reproduce the fine structures of the subsurface layer observed with NASA\u2019s\u00a0Solar Dynamics Observatory.<\/p>\n
\u201cRight now, we don\u2019t have the computational capabilities to create realistic global models of the entire Sun due to the complexity,\u201d said Kitiashvili. \u201cTherefore, we create models of smaller areas or layers, which can show us structures of the solar surface and atmosphere \u2013 like shock waves or tornado-like features measuring only a few miles in size; that\u2019s much finer detail than any one spacecraft can resolve.\u201d<\/p>\n
Scientists seek to better understand the Sun and what phenomena drive the patterns of its activity. The connection and interactions between the Sun and Earth drive the seasons, ocean currents, weather, climate, radiation belts, auroras and many other phenomena. Space weather predictions are critical for exploration of space, supporting the spacecraft and astronauts of\u00a0NASA\u2019s Artemis campaign. Surveying this space environment is a vital part of understanding and mitigating astronaut exposure to space radiation and keeping our spacecraft and instruments safe.<\/p>\n
This has been a\u00a0big year\u00a0for our special star, studded with events like the annular eclipse, a total eclipse, and\u00a0the Sun reaching its solar maximum period. In December 2024,\u00a0NASA\u2019s Parker Solar Probe\u00a0mission \u2013 which is helping researchers to understand space weather right at the source \u2013 will make its closest-ever approach to the Sun and beat its own record of being the closest human-made object to reach the Sun.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Irina Kitiashvili<\/p>\n
NASA Scientist <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u201cThe Sun keeps surprising us,\u201d said Kitiashvili. \u201cWe are looking forward to seeing what kind of exciting events will be organized by the Sun.\u201d<\/p>\n
These simulations were run on the Pleaides supercomputer at the NASA Advanced Supercomputing facility at NASA Ames over several weeks of runtime, generating terabytes of data.\u00a0<\/p>\n
NASA is showcasing 29 of the agency\u2019s computational achievements at SC24, the international supercomputing conference, Nov. 17-22, 2024, in Atlanta, Georgia. For more technical information, visit: \u200b<\/p>\n