The Space Engineering Spacecraft “Hayabusa” (MUSES-C) launched on May 9, 2003, by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has been flying smoothly in a heliocentric orbit for about a year using its ion engines.
\nOn May 19, Hayabusa came close to the Earth, and successfully carried out an earth swing-by to place it in a new elliptical orbit toward the asteroid “ITOKAWA”.
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\nThe earth swing-by is a technique to significantly change direction of an orbit and\/or speed by using the Earth’s gravity without consuming onboard propellant. Hayabusa came closest to the Earth at 3:22 p.m. on May 19 (Japan Standard Time) at an altitude of approximately 3700 km.The combination of acceleration by the ion engines and the earth swing-by performed this time was the first technological verification in the world, both in the sense of plot and implementation. After its precise orbit is determined in a week, Hayabusa will restart its ion engines to fly toward “ITOKAWA”.<\/p>\n
Hayabusa acquired earth images using its onboard optical navigation camera (which is for detecting a relative position to an asteroid and for scientific observations) as it neared the Earth. You can find these images at the following websites: <\/p>\n
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)
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\nhttp:\/\/www.isas.jaxa.jp\/e\/index.shtml <\/a><\/p>\n