Why has the El Nino-Southern Oscillation been more difficult to predict since 2000?

El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a striking interannual variability in the tropical Pacific, has been extensively studied for several decades. Understanding the changes in its characteristics is still an important issue for worldwide environmental and socioeconomic interests. Clear decadal variations exist in the ENSO’s predictability, with the most recent decade having the lowest ENSO predictability in the past six decades.