Abstract: The aviation users of the National Airspace System (NAS) – the airlines, General Aviation (GA), the military and, most recently, operators of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) – are constrained in their operations by the design of the current paradigm for air traffic control (ATC). Some of these constraints include ATC preferred routes, departure fix restrictions and airspace ground delay programs. As a result, most flights cannot operate on their most efficient business trajectories and a grea…