Simulations of Arctic Mixed-Phase Boundary Layer Clouds: Advances in Understanding and Outstanding Questions

Abstract: An overview of mixed-phase boundary layer cloud simulations emphasizes what detailed studies reveal about the level of understanding of microphysical processes, using analogous liquid-phase boundary layer clouds as a reference for the dynamical conditions. We focus primarily on modeling results from three major field campaign case studies, spanning a range of liquid water path, aerosol loading, cloud temperatures, and active processes (including drizzle, aggregation, and riming). Simulations …