Catastrophic dynamic rock failure, commonly known as rock or coal burst, presents one of the most challenging problems in civil tunneling and mining. This phenomenon is typically triggered by a volatile and uncontrolled energy release from within an overstressed rock mass or coal seam during the mining process. While coal bursts occur as a result of intricate interactions among numerous factors, a major aspect of the burst mechanism is closely tied to the processes of energy storage and subsequent release.
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Source: Phys.org