Recording brain activity via electrodes placed directly on the cortical surface (ECoG) provides much clearer views of thinking activity and how the prefrontal cortex coordinates the brain’s response to a perception. With the help of 16 epilepsy patients, neuroscientists tracked the brain’s activity as it detects, interprets, settles on a response and activates motor areas to respond. The brain prepares to respond very early, even before we know how we will respond.