How the electrodes of lithium-air batteries become passivated

Lithium-air batteries produce power from air, and are often called lithium-oxygen batteries. They are much lighter than lithium-ion batteries due to higher energy density. Lithium-air batteries have applications including increasing the driving range of electric cars on a single charge. However, despite their advantages, industrial production of lithium-air batteries is inhibited by fundamental problems that can’t be overcome at present.