MMS Observation of Inverse Energy Dispersion in Shock Drift Accelerated Ions

Abstract: The four Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft observed a ~1 min burst of energetic ions (50–1000 keV) in the region upstream from the subsolar quasi-perpendicular bow shock on 6 December 2015. The composition, flux levels, and spectral indices of these energetic protons, helium, and oxygen ions greatly resemble those seen in the outer magnetosphere earlier while MMS crossed the magnetopause and differ significantly from those simultaneously observed far upstream by Advanced Composition …