Lithium metal anode offers a promising pathway to upgrade the energy density of lithium ion batteries for its high specific capacity (3800 mAh g-1) and low voltage (-3.04 V vs. Li/Li+). But the safety issues caused by dendrite growth and instability in air caused by its high chemical activity limit its large-scale use as an electrode material. Lithium metal is highly sensitive to moisture and oxidative components in the air, leading to the generation of insulating products like lithium hydroxides on its surface and the resultant deterioration of the electrochemical performance. Moreover, when lithium contacts water, combustion and explosion can occur due to the production of hydrogen and heat. The sensitivity of lithium metal therefore necessitates demanding requirements for the transport, storage and process of lithium metal anode. It is hence highly desirable to develop an air-stable and waterproof lithium metal anode for potential use in the future.
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Source: Phys.org