Sodium ion batteries are considered to be one of the most promising alternative systems to lithium-ion batteries, especially for large scale applications. Sodium-based transition-metal oxides with layered structure have been the focus of studies, due to the merits of easy synthesis, stable structure, and high energy densities. Unfortunately, most layered-type cathode materials are air-sensitive, which leads to a high manufacturing cost of sodium-ion batteries, and greatly impedes the practical utilization of sodium-ion batteries.
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Source: Phys.org