Pathogens have developed an extensive array of proteins during the co-evolutionary arms race with their hosts. This is particularly true for Phytophthora, a genus that causes significant damage to agriculture and forestry. One well-known species, Phytophthora infestans, is responsible for the devastating late blight pandemic during the Irish Potato Famine. Each Phytophthora species encodes hundreds of effector proteins that play essential roles in manipulating host cellular processes and promoting disease development.
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Source: Phys.org