The avalanche multiplication effect can be used to detect low-power optical signals and even single photons due to the amplification mechanism within all main ranges: near- (NIR), short- (SWIR), mid- (MWIR) and long wavelength infrared radiation (LWIR). An advanced laser radar and weapons systems implemented in long-range army and space applications must detect, recognize and track various targets under a diversity of atmospheric conditions including absorption by CO, CO2 and H2O vapor, which leads to significant signal attenuation in the optical system.
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Source: Phys.org