In order to keep track of their environment, cells use cilia, antenna-like structures that can sense a variety of stimuli, including the flow of fluids outside the cell. Genetic defects that cause cilia to malfunction and lose their sensory abilities can result in disorders known as “ciliopathies,” including polycystic kidney diseases, but they can also disrupt the correct asymmetric positioning of internal organs during embryonic development—what is known as “organ laterality.”
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Source: Phys.org