Abstract: The goal of the Integrated Solar-Panel Antenna Array for CubeSats (ISAAC) project is to design and demonstrate an effective optically transparent, high-gain, lightweight, conformal X band antenna array that is integrated with the solar panels of a CubeSat. The targeted demonstration is for a Near Earth Network (NEN) radio at X-band, but the design can be easily scaled to other network radios for higher frequencies. ISAAC is a less expensive and more flexible design for communication systems c…